Court reinforces that the duration of a traffic stop is measured from the time of the stop until a driver is released or new reasonable suspicion is developed. The decision clarifies that pretextual stops are permitted under California Vehicle Code…

An inventory search of a legally impounded vehicle must be limited to establishing an inventory of its contents – but a warrantless inventory search of a vehicle done specifically to look for evidence of criminal wrongdoing violates the Fourth…

The Ninth Circuit’s decision in a Los Angeles auto-theft case restricts the use of high-risk vehicle stops based solely on an officer's belief that the vehicle is stolen, ruling that officers must have specific reasons to believe the occupants…

The court ruled that deadly force was reasonable given the circumstances, emphasizing the severity of the crime, whether the threat was immediate and the man’s resistance. His mental illness wasn’t relevant, the court said, and it ruled the officers…

The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has ruled that asking about a driver’s parole status during a traffic stop is a constitutionally valid safety measure. This decision affirms that such questions, directly related to officer safety, do not…